In a landmark moment for India's space ambitions, Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla has blasted off to the International Space Station (ISS) as part of the Axiom-4 mission , marking the country's return to human spaceflight after a 41-year hiatus . This historic launch from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida has not only reignited national pride but also officially kickstarted India’s human spaceflight programme . The mission, operated by Axiom Space , includes a four-member international crew that will spend 14 days in orbit , conducting scientific research, outreach programs, and various commercial activities. This momentous occasion places India among a select group of nations capable of sending humans into space and reflects the growing prowess of the Indian space sector . A New Chapter: Shubhanshu Shukla and India’s Astronautical Comeback The last Indian to go to space was Rakesh Sharma in 1984, aboard the Soviet spacecraft Soyuz T-11. Now, in 2025, Shubhanshu...
IISc-Developed Zero Bacteria Technology for STPs in Apartments

A Game-Changer for Water Quality
The Indian Institute of Science (IISc) has developed an advanced "Zero Bacteria Technology" (ZBT) to improve water quality in Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs), especially in apartment complexes. This innovation ensures cleaner, bacteria-free treated water, making it safer for reuse.
What is Zero Bacteria Technology (ZBT)?
- A new water purification technique designed to eliminate harmful bacteria in treated sewage water.
- Uses a chemical-free process, making it environmentally friendly.
- Developed by scientists at IISc, with applications in residential STPs and industrial wastewater management.
Why is ZBT Important for Apartments?
- Many apartment complexes have their own Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs).
- Traditional STPs do not fully remove bacteria, leading to health risks when water is reused for gardening, flushing, or groundwater recharge.
- ZBT ensures bacteria-free treated water, making it safer for various uses.
How Does It Work?
- Uses a combination of filtration, advanced oxidation, and biological treatment.
- Unlike conventional chlorine/UV treatment, ZBT does not require chemicals.
- It is cost-effective, low-maintenance, and suitable for large-scale urban use.
Benefits of Zero Bacteria Technology
- Safer Water: Eliminates bacteria, reducing health risks.
- Eco-Friendly: No harmful chemicals are used.
- Better Reuse: Makes treated water suitable for non-potable applications.
- Long-Term Cost Savings: Reduces maintenance and improves STP efficiency.
- Government Compliance: Helps apartment complexes meet environmental norms.
Future Impact and Adoption
- Expanding adoption in urban STPs and industries.
- Government and builders may mandate ZBT in new apartments.
- Contributes to sustainable water management and smart city initiatives.
Conclusion
The IISc-developed Zero Bacteria Technology is a breakthrough for apartment STPs, offering safer, cleaner water for urban reuse. As cities face increasing water scarcity and pollution, ZBT can play a key role in improving wastewater management across India.