SciTech Express

Quipu Superstructure: The Largest Known Structure in the Universe Introduction Astronomers have discovered the largest known structure in the universe, named Quipu , an enormous superstructure composed of galaxy clusters and cosmic filaments. Key Characteristics Size & Mass : The Quipu superstructure stretches across 1.3 billion light-years . It has a mass of 200 quadrillion solar masses . Composition : Made up of galaxy clusters, filaments, and voids . It belongs to a class of superstructures , which contain multiple superclusters of galaxies. Effects of Superstructures Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) Disturbances Superstructures like Quipu create fluctuations in the CMB, which is the leftover radiation from the Big Bang . Impact on the Hubble Constant The presence of massive superstructures distorts accurate measurements of the universe’s expansion rate. This causes variations in the calculation of the Hubble Constant , leading to discrepancies in cosmic models. Gravitational...

Neutrinos: The Elusive Subatomic Particles Neutrinos are one of the most mysterious and fundamental particles in the universe. Their unique properties make them both challenging to study and crucial for understanding fundamental physics. What are Neutrinos? Subatomic Particles : Neutrinos are elementary particles belonging to the lepton family. Charge & Mass : They have no electric charge and an extremely small mass , which is nearly zero but not exactly. Types of Neutrinos : There are three known types (flavors) of neutrinos: Electron Neutrino (νe) Muon Neutrino (νμ) Tau Neutrino (ντ) Anti-Neutrinos : Each neutrino has an antimatter counterpart called an anti-neutrino . Why are Neutrinos Important? Universe’s Abundant Particle : Neutrinos are the second most abundant particles in the universe, after photons. Trillions of neutrinos pass through every human body each second without any interaction. Fundamental to Physics : Neutrinos provide insights into weak nuclear interactions...