In a major leap toward self-reliance in defense technology, India is set to develop its very own fifth-generation fighter jet—the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) . In a historic move, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh has approved an innovative execution model for the indigenous stealth fighter programme. This model brings together Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and private industry players in a competitive framework, marking a significant shift in how India approaches military aviation manufacturing. This bold initiative comes at a critical time, as China has already fielded two fifth-generation fighters , and reports indicate it will supply 40 J-35 stealth jets to Pakistan . Against this backdrop, fast-tracking the AMCA has become an urgent national security imperative. AMCA: India’s Indigenous Stealth Fighter Dream The AMCA project , spearheaded by the Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) under the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) , received its l...
Electrokinetic Mining: A Breakthrough in Sustainable Extraction of Rare Earth Elements Introduction Electrokinetic Mining (EKM) is a newly developed, eco-friendly method for extracting rare earth elements (REEs). This innovative technology uses electrokinetic principles to enhance extraction efficiency while significantly reducing the environmental impact associated with traditional mining methods. What Are Rare Earth Elements (REEs)? Rare Earth Elements (REEs) consist of 17 metallic elements, including: Lanthanides : Fifteen elements from lanthanum to lutetium. Scandium and Yttrium : Often classified as REEs due to their similar properties. Importance of REEs: REEs possess unique magnetic, electronic, and chemical properties that make them critical for modern technologies such as: Electric vehicles (EVs) Wind turbines Smartphones and electronics Medical imaging equipment Overview of Electrokinetic Mining (EKM) Electrokinetic Mining leverages electrokinetics, which involves the m...