In a major leap toward self-reliance in defense technology, India is set to develop its very own fifth-generation fighter jet—the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) . In a historic move, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh has approved an innovative execution model for the indigenous stealth fighter programme. This model brings together Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and private industry players in a competitive framework, marking a significant shift in how India approaches military aviation manufacturing. This bold initiative comes at a critical time, as China has already fielded two fifth-generation fighters , and reports indicate it will supply 40 J-35 stealth jets to Pakistan . Against this backdrop, fast-tracking the AMCA has become an urgent national security imperative. AMCA: India’s Indigenous Stealth Fighter Dream The AMCA project , spearheaded by the Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) under the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) , received its l...
Mars Time Machine: Virtual Model Unlocks Red Planet’s Climate Evolution Introduction Scientists have developed a groundbreaking virtual model that acts like a "time machine" to study the climate history of Mars . This model aims to decode the evolution of Mars’ atmosphere, climate, and surface conditions over millions of years. By using advanced simulations and geological data from Mars rovers and orbiters , researchers can now track how Mars transformed from a potentially habitable planet to the barren desert it is today . Key Highlights of the Mars Climate Evolution Model Purpose of the Virtual Model The model helps scientists understand how Mars’ climate changed over billions of years . It simulates past weather patterns, atmospheric conditions, and surface transformations . It provides insights into the presence of liquid water in ancient Martian history. Mars’ Climate Evolution: What We Know So Far Early Mars (4 billion years ago): Evidence suggests that Mars once ha...