In a landmark moment for India's space ambitions, Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla has blasted off to the International Space Station (ISS) as part of the Axiom-4 mission , marking the country's return to human spaceflight after a 41-year hiatus . This historic launch from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida has not only reignited national pride but also officially kickstarted India’s human spaceflight programme . The mission, operated by Axiom Space , includes a four-member international crew that will spend 14 days in orbit , conducting scientific research, outreach programs, and various commercial activities. This momentous occasion places India among a select group of nations capable of sending humans into space and reflects the growing prowess of the Indian space sector . A New Chapter: Shubhanshu Shukla and India’s Astronautical Comeback The last Indian to go to space was Rakesh Sharma in 1984, aboard the Soviet spacecraft Soyuz T-11. Now, in 2025, Shubhanshu...
The latest revelations from India's Chandrayaan-3 mission have taken the global scientific community by storm. Data from the Vikram lander suggests that water ice may be far more accessible on the Moon than previously believed. This discovery has profound implications for future lunar exploration, human settlement plans, and deep-space missions. Breaking New Ground: Chandrayaan-3’s Crucial Findings One of the most striking discoveries from Chandrayaan-3 is the drastic temperature variations measured at different points on the lunar surface. An instrument onboard the Vikram lander recorded a surface temperature of 82°C, while just a meter away, the temperature plummeted to 58°C. This significant difference over a small scale indicates that the Moon's thermal environment is highly dynamic, which has led scientists to believe that there are more areas where conditions could support stable water ice beneath the surface. This insight challenges previous assumptions that water ice wa...